One year into the engineered arab spring, one step closer to global hegemony. The arab spring refers to a period of protests beginning on december 18, 2010 in tunisia, which quickly spread to numerous other arab nations and resulted in regime change in tunisia, libya, egypt, and yemen, and repression andor violence in syria, bahrain, sudan, and elsewhere. Arab spring in tunisia and how the movement spread throughout the. What is freedom and how do we identify what nations are free. It began in response to oppressive regimes and a low standard of living, starting with protests in tunisia noueihed, 2011. The role of social media in the arab uprisings pew. The event set off uprisings across north africa and the. The first stage involved looking at three available timelines regarding. Irina tsukerman is a human rights and national security attorney based in new york. Tunisia holds the first elections in an arab spring country where an authoritarian ruler was toppled in 2011. The arab spring that resides in the popular imagination is one in which a wave of mass mobilization swept the broader middle east, toppled dictators, and cleared the way for democracy. Libyathe death of dictator first protests in libya started on january 2011 but mass uprisings began in the city of benghazi on 15 february 2011.
Since 2011, egypt has witnessed protests, political turnovers, sporadic violence, and waves of repression. Timeline of the arab spring jump to navigation jump to search. Feb 17, 2018 a political solution appears to remain out of reach for libya seven years after muammar gaddafis toppling. Justice and human dignity were not priorities in most states. Demonstrators expressing political and economic grievances faced violent crackdowns by. Mar 29, 2019 the tumult of the arab spring also showed autocratic governmentsand the rest of the worldthat millions of people living in islamic nations believe in free expression and democratic governance. Hundreds of thousands of tunisians took to the streets calling for an end to authoritarian rule. Al jazeera says its broadcast signal across the arab region is facing interference on a scale it has not. Analysis and background of the arab spring in libya article pdf available in european researcher 3912. In june 2012 there is a genuinely free presidential election. Jul 03, 2012 ultimately, public information supplied by social networking websites has played an important role during modernday activism, specifically as it pertains to the arab spring.
In october 2011, in the first free and democratic elections, women partici pated as voters. The term arab spring is an allusion to the revolutions of 1848, which are sometimes referred to as the springtime of nations, and the prague spring in 1968. The arab springfacts and information national geographic. The arab spring demonstrated that public opinion can powerfully affect the regions political life. Analysis of the arab spring 3 blunders in state response, in particular using a heavyhanded approach and trying to crush opposition, had the reverse effect of galvanising more people to join the protests icg, 2011b and 2011d. In late september, the free syrian army moved its command headquarters from southern turkey. These popular protests were the first in living memory to reach oman. The wave of protests and civil unrest that swept the arab world ushered in some changes. The spring came in the form of civil wars, riots, violet act, non violent act, protest and demonstration. Dec 18, 2015 how did tunisia avoid the cycle of violence and repression that marred the arab spring.
Ambassador bill taylor reflects on the significance of the arab spring and the changes brought about. A year of revolution a year ago, a tunisian fruitseller set himself on fire after being humiliated by a police officer. Echoes of the muslim brotherhood arab spring in postbashir. Arab spring, egypt, revolution, social media, tunisia. Arab spring research guide and notes sheet introduction. The arab spring resulted in increased political pluralism and nascent.
In december 2010, protests began against the autocratic government in the northern african country of tunisia. They also wanted more democracy, and end to corruption, and economic opportunity. The arab spring in egypt religious literacy project. For decades, arab populations had faced repression of free speech, human rights abuses, economic mismanagement, corruption and stifling of political dissent. The arab spring was a series of antigovernment protests, uprisings, and armed rebellions that spread across the middle east in early 2011. After the revolt, tunisia held its first free election since it. Pdf arab spring as a background of civil war in syria. Polyvocal, leaderless and using new styles of communication, the post arab spring voices do not seek power but seek to defy the state and push it to address the hitherto taboo topics such as. Arab spring, wave of prodemocracy protests and uprisings that took place in the middle east and north africa beginning in 2010, challenging some of the regions entrenched authoritarian regimes. Arab spring in tmisia and egypt 53 in this paper i focus on the arab spring outbreaks in tunisia and egypt and document how disenfranchised youth took advantage of emerging wired technological formats in their respective countries to create mediated communities, networks and identities that decolonized. Make educational timelines or create a timeline for your company website.
Heres how the arab spring started and how it affected the. If indeed a second arab spring, a heartfelt sudanese response to corruption and expression of a yearning for freedom, the process is in peril. In the aftermath of the iraq war, it was used by various commentators and bloggers who anticipated a major arab movement towards democratization. The causes of the arab spring, or as some call it, arab awakening, were many and longgathering. A chronological narrative of some of the main events and developments follows the list of years, but it is not comprehensive.
How did tunisia avoid the cycle of violence and repression that marred the arab spring. The major events of the arab spring timeline created by chriswelch. Tunisia celebrates fifth anniversary of the arab spring time. Facts about arab spring tell you about the revolutionary wave of protest and demonstration in arab world. Heres how the arab spring started and how it affected the world history. This thesis explores several dimensions of domestic and international politics related to the arab spring. After the revolt, tunisia held its first free election since it became an independent nation in. Arab spring is a political concept that spread widely in the media and academic art publications. Thi s researc h articl e attempts to scrutinize the nature and cause s of the ara b uprising s which too k people by surpris e globall y throughou t 2011 and int o 2012. This concept is used as an indication to a wide range of uprisings in the middle east and north africa mena region during the past two years. The role of social media in the arab uprisings pew research.
Learn how the arab spring started in tunisia in 2011, causing a. So, while clearly linked to the wider phenomenon of the arab spring, the protests in oman not only emerged from the omani context, but the methods of expressing demands also reflected omani ways of doing things. Pdf egyptian revolution, also known as arab spring or arab uprising, was a shock for. Aug 28, 2012 us intervention in the arab world is still predicated on the same foundations that determined the courses of us foreign policy during the cold war. The forgotten corner of the arab spring middle east. Egypt has witnessed the overthrow of two presidents since the start of the arab spring. Arab spring libya 360 libya after moammar gaddafi the washington post. Demonstrators expressing political and economic grievances faced violent crackdowns by their countries security forces. Between 20 and 28 august, the battle of tripoli, occurred, in libya. Arab spring timeline sources the arab spring was a series of prodemocracy uprisings that enveloped several largely muslim countries, including tunisia, morocco, syria, libya, egypt and bahrain.
We hear from three people who reflect on their involvement in the revolution five years ago and where they see things. January 2008 six months of protests begin near gafsa, tunisia, over corruption and bad working conditions. It is narrowly won by mohamed morsi, a leading figure in the muslim brotherhood, and therein lies a problem. Arab spring the arab spring was a series of prodemocracy uprisings that enveloped several largely muslim countries, including tunisia, morocco, syria, libya, egypt and bahrain. Nbc news ayman mohyeldin, who reported on the 2011 egyptian revolution with al jazeera english and later nbc, looks back on the tumultuous years following the uprising. Evolutionary reform, rather than revolution, was the driving force. By 18 october, the fsa had captured the suburb of douma, the biggest suburb of damascus. Timeline of the major events and uprisings in the middle east.
The regional revolution saw regime change in tunisia, egypt, and yemen, and civil wars in libya and, at the time of writing this, ongoing in syria. Bashar alassads government brutally suppressed mass protests which began on 15 march 2011. Fidh 3 on 18 january 2011, in cairo, asmaa mahfouz, a 26yearold blogger, posted a video on facebook calling for a demonstration in tahrir square to protest. Many of the spontaneous and in some cases leaderless arab spring movements of 2011 were unsuited to taking on the tedious roles of. The roots and causes of the 2011 arab uprisings kamal eldin osman salih abstract. Egyptian revolution, also known as arab spring or arab uprising, was a shock for international community because egypt has been seen as one of the strongest military state in north africa region. Jan 24, 2014 the development of the arab spring across the middle east was not a gender based issue, yet it was the issue of womens rights which sought to define it in the perception of the west.
At the eve of the arab spring, one out of four egyptians and tunisians young was out of employment. Timetoasts free timeline maker lets you create timelines online. The major events of the arab spring the arab world has undergone more upheaval in the past year than in the past several decades. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The arab spring has fundamentally altered the middle east and north africa mena. In egypt, protests and strikes began on january 25, 2011. By the middle of 20 the two major countries affected by the arab spring, egypt and syria, are both in serious trouble. Pdf analysis and background of the arab spring in libya.
With the arab spring, us intervention is likely to continue and expand. A timeline of the major events of the arab spring on the 5th anniversary of the movement. The major events of the arab spring timeline timetoast. The reality is that few arab countries have experienced anything of the sort. Polyvocal, leaderless and using new styles of communication, the postarab spring voices do not seek power but seek to defy the state and push it to address the hitherto taboo topics such as. Webster tarpley of, who is noted below as giving the. The country is grappling with civil war, humanitarian crises and the threat from isil. Aug 28, 2019 the arab spring was a series of antigovernment protests, uprisings, and armed rebellions that spread across the middle east in early 2011. The violence sweeping across the arab world isnt a consequence of the arab spring, but of decades of dictatorship.
Key moments in the arab spring 1998 the electronic mailing list takriz is created, with an initial focus on issues like freedom of speech and affordable internet access in tunisia. Protests arose in tunisia following mohamed bouazizis. Arab spring economist world news, politics, economics. Several years after the arab spring began, democracy remains elusive in the middle east. The arab spring in historical perspective mohammadmahmoud ould mohamedou 6 overnight societal transformation to the other of negation of unprecedented change.
A timeline and history of arab spring mediachecker. This interactive timeline provides information on protests, government. Arab spring timeline sources the arab spring was a series of prodemocracy uprisings that enveloped several largely muslim countries, including tunisia, morocco, syria, libya, egypt and. Rebel forces captured, and effectively gained control of, the capital city of tripoli, therefore practically overthrowing the government of the dictator muammar gaddafi. The arab spring of discontent einternational relations. The economist offers authoritative insight and opinion on international news, politics, business, finance, science, technology and the connections between them. The title, year of the dupe, was inspired, and indeed coined by dr. Along with the decrease in production, the demographic boom was also responsible for increasing unemployment. On 9 october, the free syrian army seized control of maarat alnuman, a strategic town in idlib governorate on the highway linking damascus with aleppo. A timeline created with timetoasts interactive timeline maker. Its causes and consequences 3 arab countries barany, 2011. The arab spring was a series of protests and uprisings in the middle east that began with unrest in tunisia in late 2010. To aid in the interpretation of our model in the cases of the tunisian and egyptian arab spring we provide the following rough timeline of major events blight et al.
Arab spring research guide and notes sheet extra research links 1. Key moments in the over 10,000 protesters in arab spring. The gaddafi archives libya before the arab spring view gallery an exhibition of photographs, documents and artefacts from the human rights watch archive paints a portrait of libya in the four decades prior to the arab spring. In december 2010, a man in tunisia burned himself to death in protest at his treatment by police. The more detailed timeline of the syrian civil war is contained in the articles linked to in the infobox on the right and in the list below. The arab spring has brought down regimes in some arab countries, sparked mass violence in others, while some governments managed to delay the trouble with a mix of repression, promise of reform, and state largesse. Many of the spontaneous and in some cases leaderless arab spring movements of 2011 were unsuited to. On 9 and 10 october, coptic christians in egypt protested against the destruction of a church. What was lost in those hasty assessments was the unpredictability of transitions and the. Free syria army blows up three security chiefs in damascus and seizes parts of the city of aleppo in the north.
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